Sao Tiago Island, also known as Santiago Island, is a geographical and cultural entity located in the archipelago of Cape Verde. It is the largest and most populous island in Cape Verde spanning an area of approximately 991 square kilometers. The island is situated in the central part of the archipelago, and its coordinates are 14°55′N latitude and 23°29′W longitude.
Sao Tiago Island is characterized by its diverse landscapes, encompassing mountainous terrains, fertile valleys, and pristine beaches. It is a volcanic island, marked by the prominence of Pico de Antónia, a volcanic mountain reaching an altitude of about 1,392 meters, making it the highest peak in Cape Verde.
The island has a rich historical and cultural significance, serving as the first settlement established by the Portuguese in Cape Verde during the 15th century. It witnessed the arrival of explorers, colonization, and the establishment of the transatlantic slave trade. Today, Sao Tiago Island reflects the influences of its colonial past through its architecture, cuisine, music, and traditions.
The local economy is primarily driven by agriculture, especially the cultivation of sugarcane, bananas, and coffee. Fisheries, livestock, and tourism also contribute to the island's economy. The capital city, Praia, located on the southern coast, is the administrative, economic, and cultural center of Cape Verde.
Sao Tiago Island is renowned for its vibrant cultural festivals, such as the Carnival of Praia, as well as its beautiful beaches, including Tarrafal and Prainha. Its historical sites, like the old town of Cidade Velha, have been recognized as UNESCO World Heritage Sites, attracting tourists from around the world.
