The Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola, commonly known by its Portuguese acronym MPLA, refers to a political organization and, subsequently, a popular movement that played a significant role in Angola's struggle for liberation from colonial rule, and later in shaping the political landscape of independent Angola. Founded in December 1956, the MPLA began as a nationalist movement seeking the independence of Angola from Portuguese colonialism.
The MPLA emerged in response to the harsh realities of Portuguese colonization, advocating for the liberation of Angola through armed struggle. It was one of the main nationalist parties in Angola, and its influence expanded as it gained support from various segments of Angolan society. Led by notable figures such as Agostinho Neto and José Eduardo dos Santos, the MPLA became a decisive force in the Angolan War of Independence, which eventually led to the country's independence in 1975.
Post-independence, the MPLA transformed into the ruling party of Angola, maintaining a strong grip on power. It aimed to establish a socialist society, implementing policies aligned with Marxist-Leninist ideologies. The MPLA-led government faced significant challenges, including a prolonged civil war against rival factions and economic struggles. However, the party remains an influential political force in Angola and has retained power since independence.
Overall, the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola represents a pivotal movement in Angola's history, encompassing both its fight against colonialism and its subsequent role in shaping governance and political direction in an independent Angola.
