Persistent pupillary membrane (PPM) refers to a congenital eye condition characterized by the presence of residual connective tissue strands or membranes across the eye's pupil. During fetal development, the iris is often filled with blood vessels that gradually regress before birth. However, in some cases, remnants of these vessels persist, resulting in the formation of PPM.
The membranes may vary in appearance, appearing as thin translucent strands, thicker opaque cords, or even as web-like structures. These strands can extend from the iris to other parts of the eye, such as the cornea or lens. PPM can affect one or both eyes and may involve varying degrees of severity, from small, isolated strands to extensive coverings over the entire pupil.
While persistent pupillary membranes are usually harmless and do not impact vision, severe cases can lead to visual impairments depending on the location and extent of the membranes. In some instances, the membranes may interfere with the normal movement of the iris, leading to problems with pupil dilation and constriction, as well as affecting the eye's ability to focus properly.
In most cases, persistent pupillary membranes do not require treatment unless they cause significant visual disturbances or complications. Eye examinations by an ophthalmologist are often recommended to assess the severity and impact of PPM on vision and to determine if any intervention is necessary. However, it is worth noting that in the majority of cases, PPM poses no long-term threat to vision or ocular health.
