Papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum, also known as Warthin tumor or Warthin's tumor, is a rare, benign neoplasm that commonly arises in the parotid gland, which is a salivary gland located in the cheek in front of the ear. This type of tumor is named after Aldred Scott Warthin, who first described it in 1929.
Characterized by cystic growth and papillary projections, this tumor usually affects middle-aged and elderly males. It is thought to be associated with numerous factors, such as tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, and certain genetic predispositions.
Histologically, papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum is composed of two main cell types – oncocytes and lymphoid infiltrates. Oncocytes contain a large amount of mitochondria, giving them a granular appearance. The lymphoid infiltrates consist of immune cells, such as lymphocytes, that surround and infiltrate the tumor nodules.
Although papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum is typically benign, it may carry a slight risk of malignant transformation in rare cases. Symptoms associated with this tumor often include painless swelling or a lump in the parotid gland area, which can be easily noticed and palpated. Diagnosis is usually confirmed through imaging studies, such as ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging, and further confirmed by a biopsy.
Treatment options for papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum typically involve surgical removal of the tumor, which may also include the surrounding lymph nodes if they are affected. The prognosis for this tumor is generally excellent, with a low likelihood of recurrence.
