FPLV is an acronym for "Feline Panleukopenia Virus," a highly contagious and potentially fatal viral infection affecting cats. FPLV belongs to the family Parvoviridae and is classified under the genus Parvovirus. It primarily targets rapidly dividing cells, adversely impacting the cells lining the intestine, bone marrow, lymphoid tissues, and other organs.
The virus spreads through direct contact with bodily fluids, such as saliva, feces, urine, or nasal secretions of infected cats. It can also transmit indirectly through contaminated objects or environments. Once a cat is exposed to FPLV, the virus enters the body and begins to replicate rapidly, leading to a drastic reduction in white blood cells, hence the term "panleukopenia."
The symptoms of FPLV can vary but often include lethargy, anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea (often bloody), fever, dehydration, and a weakened immune system. In more severe cases, neurological signs like ataxia and seizures may manifest. While cats of all ages are vulnerable to FPLV, kittens and unvaccinated cats are particularly susceptible to this disease.
Prevention plays a crucial role in managing FPLV. Vaccination is highly recommended and effectively protects against the virus. Immediate isolation and appropriate supportive care are essential for infected cats, but unfortunately, there is no specific antiviral treatment available for FPLV. Good hygiene practices, such as regular disinfection and containment of infected areas, are essential to minimize the risk of transmission.
Prompt medical attention is necessary for cats suspected of FPLV to receive accurate diagnosis, supportive care, and combat potential complications.
